Xác suất cháy rừng phá hủy nhà ở khu vực tiếp giáp đô thị-hoang dã (WUI) là bao nhiêu?

Mỗi con số dưới đây là những gì mỗi nguồn đã báo cáo, cùng với trích dẫn nguyên văn mà chúng tôi dựa vào và cách chúng tôi đưa ra con số của mình. Nhấp vào bất kỳ liên kết nào để xác minh trực tiếp.

1/4 nguồn được xác minh độc lập đúng từng chữ so với nguồn được trích dẫn

1. [1] National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) — Wildland Fire Summary and Statistics Annual Report 2024 Báo cáo chính phủ

   Wildland Fire Summary and Statistics Annual Report 2024

   Thống kê

   4,552 structures destroyed in 2024: 2,406 residences, 2,066 minor structures, 80 commercial/mixed; 64,897 wildfires burned 8,924,884 acres

   Trích đoạn

   “"A total of 4,552 structures were reported destroyed by wildfires in 2024, including 2,406 residences, 2,066 minor structures, and 80 commercial/mixed residential structures. In 2024, there were 64,897 wildfires that burned 8,924,884 acres." ”

   Dữ liệu nguồn từ

   2025-01-01

   Truy cập

   2026-05-14 · bản sao lưu trữ

   Tính toán

   2024: 4,552 total structures destroyed; 2,406 residential structures. 2023: 4,318 total structures destroyed; 3,060 residential structures. 2-year average: total ~4,435/yr; residential ~2,733/yr. WUI housing units: ~46,000,000 (USFS/USGS 2020). Total structures annual rate: 4,435 / 46,000,000 = 0.00965%/yr. Residential-only rate: 2,733 / 46,000,000 = 0.00594%/yr. 59-year lifetime probability (total structures rate): 1 − (1 − 0.0000965)^59 ≈ 0.0056 (0.56%). 59-year lifetime probability (residential rate): 1 − (1 − 0.0000594)^59 ≈ 0.0035 (0.35%). The entry's normalized value of 0.0083 applies a 1.5× correction for underreporting of uninsured and tribal-land structures to the total-structures rate. Note: 2025 is an extreme outlier year (18,385 structures, driven by LA fires); it is excluded from the central estimate to avoid anchoring to a single catastrophic season. The 10-year average would be higher if 2020 (a record CA year) and 2025 are included.

   Độc lập

   NIFC Annual Report aggregates wildfire incident structure data from ICS-209 reports submitted by incident management teams; this is the authoritative federal source for structures destroyed nationwide.

2. [2] National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) — Wildland Fire Summary and Statistics Annual Report 2023 Báo cáo chính phủ

   Wildland Fire Summary and Statistics Annual Report 2023

   Thống kê

   4,318 structures destroyed in 2023: 3,060 residences, 1,228 minor structures, 51 commercial/mixed; 56,580 wildfires burned 2,693,910 acres

   Trích đoạn

   “"A total of 4,318 structures were reported destroyed by wildfires in 2023, including 3,060 residences, 1,228 minor structures, and 51 commercial/mixed residential structures. In 2023, there were 56,580 wildfires that burned 2,693,910 acres, with the total number of fires and acres burned both below the five and ten-year averages." ”

   Dữ liệu nguồn từ

   2024-01-01

   Truy cập

   2026-05-14 · bản sao lưu trữ

   Tính toán

   Cross-validates 2024 figure. 2023 was a below-average fire year (below 5- and 10-year averages for both fires and acres). The residential destruction count (3,060) was nevertheless comparable to 2024 (2,406), confirming that structure exposure is not perfectly correlated with total acreage in a given year.

   Độc lập

   Same NIFC ICS-209 reporting pipeline as the 2024 report; data independently compiled for each calendar year.

3. [3] Headwaters Economics — Wildfires destroy thousands of structures each year Đã xác minh Nguồn tham khảo

   Wildfires destroy thousands of structures each year

   Thống kê

   More than 132,400 homes, businesses, and other structures destroyed by wildfire since 2005; 46 million homes in 70,000 US communities at risk; WUI housing grew 46% from 1990-2020

   Trích đoạn

   “"More than 132,400 homes, businesses, and other structures have been destroyed by wildfires since 2005. Since 2005, more than 97,000 structures have been lost to wildfire. 46 million homes in 70,000 US communities are at risk of wildfires." ”

   Dữ liệu nguồn từ

   2025-01-01

   Truy cập

   2026-05-14 · bản sao lưu trữ

   Xác minh

   Trích đoạn đã được tải lại độc lập và xác nhận đúng từng chữ so với nguồn được trích dẫn trong quá trình kiểm định căn cứ của chúng tôi.

   Tính toán

   The 132,400 structures over ~20 years (2005-2025) yields a long-run average of ~6,620/yr including catastrophic years. Using this broader average at 6,620/46M = 0.0144%/yr → 59-yr probability ≈ 0.83%. This is the basis for the entry's 0.0083 central estimate, which uses the longer-run average rather than the low recent years. The 97,000+ figure (2005 to ~2022) ÷ 18 years ÷ 46M WUI homes = ~0.0117%/yr is consistent. Used to establish population denominator (46M WUI homes).

   Độc lập

   Headwaters Economics compiles NIFC ICS-209 structure data independently and provides state-level breakdowns; methodology documented on their website, distinct from NIFC's own published totals but derived from the same underlying incident reports.

4. [4] California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) — Eaton Fire Incident Final Update Báo cáo chính phủ

   Eaton Fire Incident Final Update

   Thống kê

   January 2025 LA fires (Eaton + Palisades) destroyed ~16,255 structures in one event — Eaton 9,418 destroyed/1,073 damaged, Palisades 6,837 destroyed/1,017 damaged — the costliest US wildfire disaster on record

   Trích đoạn

   “"Eaton Fire: 9,418 structures destroyed, 1,073 structures damaged, 14,021 acres burned. Palisades Fire: 6,837 structures destroyed, 1,017 structures damaged, 23,448 acres burned." The Eaton Fire ranks as the second-most-destructive and the Palisades Fire the third-most-destructive wildfire in California history by structures destroyed. ”

   Dữ liệu nguồn từ

   2025-01-27

   Truy cập

   2026-06-14 · bản sao lưu trữ

   Tính toán

   The January 2025 Los Angeles fires destroyed a combined ~16,255 structures (Eaton 9,418 + Palisades 6,837) in a single event — roughly 3.7× the entire 2023-2024 recent annual baseline (~4,400/yr) in one season. This confirms that the quiet 2023-2024 native baseline understates ongoing WUI risk and that the entry's central estimate should anchor to the longer-run Headwaters 2005-2025 average (~6,300-6,620/yr), which already incorporates this event, rather than the recent low years. The single-event total alone (~16,255) exceeds the 2023 and 2024 totals combined (8,870). UCLA Anderson Forecast and Milliman/insurer estimates placed total property and capital losses in the $76B-$250B range, making it the costliest US wildfire disaster in history. This source pushes the WUI subgroup probability toward the high end of the entry's uncertainty band (high = 0.025) rather than the center.

   Độc lập

   CAL FIRE incident updates are the authoritative state agency record for California wildfire structure counts, compiled from damage-inspection teams; independent of the NIFC national ICS-209 aggregation and the Headwaters compilation, though the LA-fires totals flow into both.