証拠の質 4.0/5
8次元のレビュー評価。基準は 品質ルーブリック 。各次元は1〜5で評価。
- D1 出典への根拠
- 4/5
- D2 出典の権威性
- 4/5
- D3 算術
- 5/5
- D4 不確実性
- 4/5
- D5 範囲
- 4/5
- D6 文章
- 4/5
- D7 認識の誠実性
- 4/5
- D8 注意事項の完全性
- 3/5
子どもの夢遊病はありふれていて、珍しいとはとても言えません。乳児期から追跡されたケベック州の1,940人の前向きコホートでは、約29%が2歳半から13歳までの間に少なくとも1回夢遊病を経験し(学術誌のプレスリリースで報告された数字)、単年での割合は10歳で13.4%とピークに達しました(Petitら 2015)。51件の研究を統合したメタアナリシスは、子どもの12か月有病率を5.0%、成人を1.5%としています(StallmanとKohler 2016)。2つの情報源の差は、少なくとも部分的には質問の仕方の違いを反映しているのかもしれません。誰も測定していないのは、このページの問いが実際に求めている数字、つまり夢遊病の子どもがどのくらいの頻度でけがをするかです。夢遊病の子ども1人あたり、あるいはエピソードあたりのけがを報告した研究は見つからなかったため、ここでは確率を掲載していません。
データに最も近いものは成人と年長の10代から得られています。ベルンの救急外来は約15年間の約62万件の受診記録を調べ、夢遊病に関連するけがを11件見つけました。主な受傷機転は転落・転倒で、4人が入院し、死亡者はいませんでした(Sauterら 2016)。これはおよそ5万6,000件の受診に1件という計算になり、安心できる数字に聞こえますが、夢遊病者1人あたりの率ではありません。この外来は16歳未満を診ず、診療圏に何人の夢遊病者が住んでいるかも分からず、診療録に誰かが「夢遊病」と書いた症例しか拾えないからです。恐怖そのものは、階段の上、ロックされていないゲート、開いた窓といった少数の鮮烈なイメージから成り立っており、小児向けの指導はゲートの設置や窓の施錠を勧める際にそれらを繰り返しています。この種の指導が示すのはありうる危険であって、測定された頻度ではありません。
欠けている数字が家庭ごとにどう違うかは、見積もるより説明するほうが簡単です。夢遊病になる確率は家族歴とともに上がり、夢遊病の親がいない子どもの22.5%から、片親の場合の47.4%、両親の場合の61.5%へと上昇します(Petitら 2015)。階段、二段ベッド、手の届く窓はけがのリスクに影響しそうですが、そうした環境で夢遊病者のけがの発生率を比較した研究はありません。子どもが起きていたかどうかを問わない階段や窓からの転落全般については幼児の階段転落と子供の窓からの転落を参照してください。どちらも夢遊病中の転落と通常の転落を区別していません。
関連する豆知識
ケベック州の1,940人のコホートでは、子どもの約10人に3人(掲載誌のプレスリリースによる)が2歳半から13歳までに少なくとも1回夢遊病を経験しました。夢遊病の子どもが階段やその他の場所でどのくらいの頻度でけがをするかは、一度も測定されていません。
根拠台帳
以下の各数値は各出典が報告した内容であり、引用した原文の抜粋と算出方法を記載しています。リンクをクリックして直接確認できます。
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[1] JAMA Pediatrics (Petit et al. 2015; 169(7):653-658) — Childhood Sleepwalking and Sleep Terrors: A Longitudinal Study of Prevalence and Familial Aggregation
Childhood Sleepwalking and Sleep Terrors: A Longitudinal Study of Prevalence and Familial Aggregation- 統計値
Prospective Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development cohort, N=1,940 children followed 1999-2011: sleepwalking prevalence peaked at 13.4% (95% CI 11.3%-15.5%) at age 10; childhood sleepwalking prevalence was 22.5% with no parental history, 47.4% with one sleepwalking parent, and 61.5% with two- 抜粋
“"The peak of prevalence was observed at 1½ years for sleep terrors (34.4% of children; 95% CI, 32.3%-36.5%) and at age 10 years for sleepwalking (13.4%; 95% CI, 11.3%-15.5%)." ... "The prevalence of childhood sleepwalking increases with the degree of parental history of sleepwalking: 22.5% (95% CI, 19.2%-25.8%) for children without a parental history of sleepwalking, 47.4% (95% CI, 38.9%-55.9%) for children who had 1 parent with a history of sleepwalking, and 61.5% (95% CI, 42.8%-80.2%) for children whose mother and father had a history of sleepwalking." [Abstract text; PubMed and JAMA Network were not directly reachable in-session, so the wording was confirmed via exact-phrase search of the indexed abstract] ”
- 出典データ
- 2015-07-01
- アクセス日
- 2026-09-26
- 計算過程
- Used only as context for exposure: how many children sleepwalk at all. The 13.4% peak at age 10 is a point prevalence in that year; the 22.5% / 47.4% / 61.5% figures are cumulative childhood prevalence stratified by parental history. No injury outcome is reported, so nothing is converted to a native or normalized probability. The parental-history gradient is described in prose rather than as personal_factor_multipliers because this entry carries no_reliable_estimate and the gradient shifts the chance of sleepwalking, not the chance of injury given sleepwalking.
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[2] JAMA Pediatrics press release via EurekAlert! (AAAS) — Kids likely to sleepwalk if parents have history of nocturnal strolls
Kids likely to sleepwalk if parents have history of nocturnal strolls- 統計値
Overall childhood prevalence of sleepwalking, ages 2½ to 13, was 29.1% in the Quebec cohort- 抜粋
“"The overall childhood prevalence of sleepwalking (ages 2½ to 13 years) was 29.1 percent." ”
- 出典データ
- 2015-05-04
- アクセス日
- 2026-09-26
- 計算過程
- The journal's own press release for Petit et al. (2015), cited because it states the cumulative 2½-to-13 figure in one line. The 29.1% could not be found in the indexed abstract text via search, so it rests on this release rather than the peer-reviewed abstract; the abstract's parental-history strata (22.5% to 61.5%) are consistent with it. Rounded to "about 29%" / "about 3 in 10" in the quick answer and prose. Exposure context only; no injury figure.
- 独立性
- Not independent of Petit et al. (2015); it summarizes the same study.
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[3] PLOS ONE (Stallman & Kohler 2016) — Prevalence of Sleepwalking: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Prevalence of Sleepwalking: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis- 統計値
Meta-analysis of 51 studies (N=100,490): lifetime sleepwalking prevalence 6.9% (95% CI 4.6%-10.3%); 12-month prevalence 5.0% (95% CI 3.8%-6.5%) in children versus 1.5% (95% CI 1.0%-2.3%) in adults- 抜粋
“"The estimated lifetime prevalence of sleepwalking was 6.9% (95% CI 4.6%-10.3%). The current prevalence rate of sleepwalking within the last 12 months was significantly higher in children [5.0% (95% CI 3.8%-6.5%)] than adults [1.5% (95% CI 1.0%-2.3%)]." [Abstract text; PLOS and PMC were not directly reachable in-session, so the wording was confirmed via search of the indexed abstract; dash and bracket punctuation may differ slightly from the published typography] ”
- 出典データ
- 2016-11-10
- アクセス日
- 2026-09-26
- 計算過程
- Supplies the pooled 12-month figure: roughly 1 in 20 children sleepwalk in a given year. The pooled lifetime figure (6.9%, mixed ages) is far below the Quebec cohort's 29.1% because most pooled studies used single retrospective questions rather than repeated prospective parent reports (an interpretation, not a finding of either paper), which suggests sleepwalking counts are sensitive to method. Exposure context only; no injury figure.
- 独立性
- Independent research group and methodology (pooled cross-sectional studies) from the Quebec cohort.
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[4] Western Journal of Emergency Medicine (Sauter et al. 2016; 17(6):709-712) — Somnambulism: Emergency Department Admissions Due to Sleepwalking-Related Trauma
Somnambulism: Emergency Department Admissions Due to Sleepwalking-Related Trauma- 統計値
11 sleepwalking-related trauma presentations among about 620,000 ED admissions at Inselspital, Bern, 2000-2015; falls were the leading mechanism; 4 of 11 (36.4%) were hospitalized; no deaths; adult department treating patients aged 16 and over (two of the 11 were 16)- 抜粋
“"Of 620,000 screened ED admissions, 11 were associated with trauma and sleepwalking." ... "Although sleepwalking seems benign in the majority of cases and most of the few injured patients will not require hospitalization, major injuries are possible." [First sentence from the abstract; second from the full-text Conclusion (the abstract reads "did not require"). Both checked against the Europe PMC full text, 2026-09-27] ”
- 出典データ
- 2016-11-01
- アクセス日
- 2026-09-26
- 計算過程
- The only systematic count of sleepwalking injuries located. It cannot anchor a pediatric estimate: the adult department treats patients aged 16 and over, there is no denominator of sleepwalkers in the catchment, and cases were found by chart search, which misses injuries not recorded as sleepwalking-related. 11 / 620,000 is a share of ED visits (about 1 in 56,000), not a probability per sleepwalker, and is shown for scale only. This is the reason for no_reliable_estimate.
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[5] Nemours KidsHealth — Sleepwalking (for Parents)
Sleepwalking (for Parents)- 統計値
Pediatric safety guidance for sleepwalking children: gates at bedroom door and/or stair top; locked windows and doors- 抜粋
“"Install safety gates outside your child's room and/or at the top of any stairs." ... "Lock the windows and doors in your child's bedroom and throughout your home in case your young sleepwalker wanders." [kidshealth.org was not directly reachable in-session; wording confirmed via exact-phrase search of the indexed page] ”
- 出典データ
- 2026-09-26
- アクセス日
- 2026-09-26
- 計算過程
- Establishes that stairs and windows are the hazards pediatric guidance singles out. Guidance, not evidence of frequency: it gives no injury rate and no data on how much gates or locks reduce injury among sleepwalkers. source_date set to access date because the page shows a rolling review date.